Understanding Fair Share in SAP IBP Time Series

Objective

After completing this lesson, you will be able to explain the concept of fair share.

Explaining Fair Share

The figure shows the fair share concept across products, locations, customers, and time buckets in the network - not one product at a time - resulting in the right product mix when common constraints exist, such as shared production lines or BOM components.

Fair share occurs across products, locations, customers, and time buckets in the network - not one product at a time - resulting in the right product mix when common constraints exist, such as shared production lines or BOM components.

  • If the demand is already met at the third segment, it will get additional supply only when all other demands are first ensured to be at the same level as segment 3.
  • The demands are met by supplies closer before unmet demand is propagated to upstream supply; that is, netting occurs closer to the demand.

A maximum of 10 segments is allowed. It is recommended that you use 4-5 segments, if fair share is desired.

Demand priority patterns (Z, N, and Hybrid) are impacted, as additional costs are assigned internally by the engine to force the same level of attainment across the network. For more information, see the exercises.

The figure shows you an example and calculation for Late Demand without Fair Share for Non-delivery.

With lateness, there is a small additional cost added to meeting the demand on-time as well - see the objective function above.

The figure shows you an example and calculation for Late Demand with Fair Share for Non-delivery.
The figure, Fair-share dependent demand, shows the key parameters in the optimizer profile based on an example calculation.

Distribution planning needs to consider differences in lead times when planning bucket is by Day. It is important to design the cost model such that the dependent demands from various nodes served by an upstream node is seen in a fairshare manner.

The figure, Modeling Considerations, shows the key Considerations for Fair-share.

Fair share may be limited to products with regular demand. Small and sporadic demands may be assigned higher non-delivery costs and turned off for fair share - by location or by customer.

True costs are often considered in S&OP processes for decision support - however, use of these actual costs can make for complex optimizer cost modeling, limiting the modeling choices. It may be desirable instead to track these actual costs in separate key figures, while using notional or modeling costs for the optimizer.

One of the key challenges for a better product mix is to manage the Max Inventory key figure effectively, especially if you have push production. There are many approaches to setting this key figure externally - presently, there is no app to automate setting this key figure.

Planning Fair Share

Planning Fair Share

Business Example

In this exercise, you extend the customer demand fulfillment you performed in Unit 3. You activate fair share for the optimizer by creating a second profile.

You use similar Z and Inverted N patterns to those that you established for high-, medium-, and low-priority customers in Unit 3. Hence, you first restore the supply and demand situation to be very similar to that of Unit 3, including localizing the exercise to location 2400 by making transportation lead times very long.

Hint

Use the optimizer cost simulator template that was shared by your instructor to verify results.

Check your planning area ZSAP4 and student group number assignment with the instructor before you start. Where this exercise uses ##, use your group number instead.

Task 1: Create a New Planning Profile and Enable Fair-share Distribution

Steps

  1. Copy the previously created S&OP planning profile.

    1. On the SAP Fiori home screen, in the TS Supply Planning Configuration section, choose the S&OP Operator Profiles tile.

    2. Select the previously-created operator 8000 _##.

    3. On the Display S&OP Operator Profile screen, choose Copy.

  2. Name it Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _##.

    1. Change the ID from Copy_Of_8000_## to 8000_##_Fairshare.

    2. Change the name to Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _##.

    3. Change the description to TS-Based Supply Optimizer ## with Fair-Share.

  3. Enable fair-share distribution. Use the data from the table:

    FieldValue
    Segments for Non-Delivery4
    Segments for Inventory Target4
    Segments for Late Delivery4
    Segments for Inventory Holding10
    1. Open the Fair-Share Distribution tab and enable Fair-Share Distribution. Use the data from the table and save.

    2. For the system to recognize the new planning operator, log off the SAP IBP, add-in for Microsoft Excel, clear the metadata cache, and log on again.

Task 2: Edit the Existing Data

Steps

  1. Set the Max Late Delivery for Demand to null for the product T-F3##.

    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Customer Product Category.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Delete values in Maximum Late-Delivery Periods for Customer Demand column, as shown in the following figure:

      The figure shows the Master Data Maintenance as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  2. For Product ID T-F3##, set following combinations to invalid:

    Ship-from LocationLocation IDMOT IDLead TimeLocation Source Invalid
    22002400RAIL21X
    22002400TRUCK7X
    22002500RAIL21X
    22002500TRUCK5X
    22102400RAIL21X
    22102400TRUCK7X
    22102500RAIL21X
    22102500TRUCK5X
    23002200TRUCK3X
    23002210TRUCK3X
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Source.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. In the Location Source Invalid column enter a value of X. Refer to the table.

    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  3. Ensure that there are no Inv Holding Cost Rates, Max. Inv. Violation Costs, or SOP Safety Stock for Product ID T-F3## at Locations 2400 and 2500. Use the data from the table:

    Location IDInventory Holding Cost RateMaximum Inventory Violation Cost RateSafety Stock (SOP)
    2400nullnullnull
    2500nullnullnull
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Product.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3## and the Location ID column by 2400 and 2500.

    4. Confirm that the three values are null. If not, change them. Use the data from the table.

    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  4. Set 700 units of Stock on Hand for Product ID T-F3##  at location 2400.

    1. Choose the Inventory tab.

    2. In the first time bucket, enter 700 units of stock on hand at location 2400 and save.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

Task 3: Run the Optimizer and Validate the Results

Steps

  1. Run your optimizer profile 1_Optimizer_## and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 1_Optimizer_No Fairshare _##.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

  2. The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
  3. Run your optimizer profile Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _## and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _##.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
  4. Explain the results with costs.

    1. The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

    Note

    The cost simulation screenshot explains the system response. As per S&OP profile the demands of 100 are split into 4 segments of 25 each. The 700 units of stock on hand are allocated to the 28 segments with the highest Non Delivery Cost Rates.

Task 4: Increase the Inventory for T-F3##.

Steps

  1. Set the inventory for the product T-F3## at location 2400 to 2750 units.

    1. Choose the Inventory tab.

    2. In the first time bucket, enter 2750 units of stock on hand at location 2400.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

Task 5: Run the Optimizer Profile with the Fair-share Profile and Validate the Results

Steps

  1. Run your optimizer profile Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _## and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _##.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

      The system now has stock on hand of 2750 which corresponds to 110 demand segments of 25 each. The system allocates the stock to the 110 demand segment with the highest non delivery cost rate. You can also validate this in the Cost Simulation Template.

Modeling Target Inventory Fair Share

Modeling Target Inventory Fair Share

Business Example

In this exercise, you place inventory only at the central DC 2200, and remove any other inventories at locations 2400 and 2500, in order to understand the fair share of target inventory. In addition, to isolate this exercise, you restore the outbound lanes from 2200 to normal values, whereas the outbound lanes from plant 2300 and overflow warehouse 2210 are set as invalid.

You use the same product T-F3xx for this exercise.

Check your planning area ZSAP4 and student group number assignment with the instructor before you start. Where this exercise uses ##, use your group number instead.

Task 1: Edit the Inventory and Outbound Lanes

Steps

  1. For product T-F3##, remove demand at the following locations:

    • Customer ID: 2200H_XX
    • Customer ID: 2400H_XX, 2400M_XX, 2400L_XX
    • Customer ID: 2500H_XX, 2500M_XX, 2500L_XX
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Customer Product Category.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Delete the contents of column Consensus Demand, as shown below: There should not be any demands for category ID 3. (Category ID 1 also does not have any demands.)

      The figure shows the Master Data Maintenance as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  2. Set the target inventory. Use the data from the table:

    Location IDSafety Stock (SOP)
    24002000 (units)
    25003000 (units)
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Product.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Make the changes based on the data from the table.

  3. Verify that location 2400 has Inventory Holding Cost Rate restored from previous exercise. Use the data from the table:

    Location IDInventory Holding Cost Rate
    24006
    25006
    1. Ensure the values forInventory Holding Cost Rate is 6 for both locations 2400 and 2500 in master data type Location Product.

    2. Choose Save Changes.

    3. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  4. Activate the location source validity at the following locations:

    Ship-From Loc. IDLocation IDMOT ID
    22002400TRUCK
    22002500TRUCK
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Source.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Make the following changes to attribute Location Source Invalid:

      The figure shows the Master Data Maintenance as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  5. Validate that no stock exits in location IDs 2400 and 2500.

    1. Choose the Inventory tab of your planning view favorite.

    2. In the first time bucket, check that stock on hand at locations 2400 and 2500 is not maintained.

  6. Set an inventory of 2500 units at the distribution center 2200.

    1. Choose the Inventory tab.

    2. In the first time bucket, enter 2500 units of stock on hand at location 2200 and save.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

Task 2: Run Both Optimizer Profiles and Review the Results

Steps

  1. Run your optimizer Profile 1_Optimizer_No Fairshare _##.

    1. In the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 1_Optimizer_No Fairshare _##,

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
  2. Run your optimizer profile Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _## and validate the results. What impact did fair share have on planning?

    1. In the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 2_Optimizer_Fairshare _##.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

      Target inventory is split into 4 segments. We have enough stock to fulfill the first 2 segments of target inventory for both locations. This enables a fair fulfillment of target inventory. No exact fair share is guaranteed, but the optimizer keeps the target inventory in the same segment. With 4 segments as customized in our S&OP Optimizer Profile, the maximum difference in fulfillment rates is 25 %.

Modeling Demand Fairshare Across Locations With Lead Times

Modeling Demand Fairshare Across Locations With Lead Times

Business Example

To understand Fairshare of dependent demand, we will place inventory only at Central DC 2200, and remove any other inventories at locations 2400 and 2500. In addition, to isolate this exercise, we will restore outbound lanes from 2200 to normal values whereas the outbound lanes from plant 2300 and overflow warehouse 2210 are set to very high (365 days). We will use High Priority Customer demands at 2200, 2400 and 2500, to understand the effects of lead time.

Hint

Use the optimizer cost simulator template to verify results.

Check your planning area ZSAP4 and student group number assignment with the instructor before you start. Where this exercise uses ##, use your group number instead.

We use the same product T-F3xx for this exercise, as well.

Task 1: Edit the Existing Data

Steps

  1. For product T-F3##, set the Consensus Demand, "Maximum Late-Delivery Periods for Demand, and Consensus Demand Late Delivery Cost Rate to null.

    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Customer Product Category.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Delete values in column Consensus Demand, Maximum Late-Delivery Periods for Customer Demand, and Consensus Demand Late Delivery Cost Rate, as shown below:

      The figure shows the Master Data Maintenance as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  2. For T-F3## set Location Source Invalid for 8 of the following combinations as shown in the table below and correct the lead time if required:

    Ship-From Loc. IDLocation IDMOT IDLead TimeLocation Source Invalid
    22002400TRUCK7 
    22002400RAIL21X
    22002500TRUCK5 
    22002500RAIL21X
    22102400TRUCK7X
    22102400RAIL21X
    22102500TRUCK5X
    22102500RAIL21X
    23002200TRUCK3X
    23002210TRUCK3X
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Source.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Make the changes based on the table.

    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  3. Ensure that there are no Max. Inv. Violation Costs and SOP Safety Stock for product ID T-F3## at Locations 2200, 2400 and 2500. Use the data from the table:

    Location IDMaximum Inventory Violation Cost RateSafety Stock (SOP)
    2200nullnull
    2400nullnull
    2500nullnull
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Location Product.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3## and the Location ID column by 2200, 2400 and 2500.

    4. Confirm that these three values are null. If not, change them. Refer to the table.

    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  4. Enter 100 as Consensus Demand for Demand Category 3 (Net Forecast) directly in Excel planning view on the 3rd day, for 2200H, on 10th day for 2400H and on 8th day for 2500H. The dependent demand from all 3 customers would be at 2 days from current date, at location 2200.

    1. Choose the Customer Demand tab (choose the filter values to show only high priority customers).

    2. For the customer 2200H, enter 100 units of Consensus Demand in 3rd time bucket for demand category Net Forecast.

      For the customer 2400H, enter 100 units of Consensus Demand in 10th time bucket for demand category Net Forecast. For the customer 2500H, enter 100 units of Consensus Demand in 8th time bucket for demand category Net Forecast.The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

    3. Choose Save Data.

  5. Set 150 units of Stock on Hand at Location 2200.

    1. Choose the Inventory tab.

    2. In the first time bucket, enter 150 units of Stock on Hand at Location 2200.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
    3. Choose Save Data.

Task 2: Run the Optimizer and Validate the Results

Steps

  1. Run your optimizer profile Profile 1_Optimizer_No Fairshare_## and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator Profile 1_Optimizer_No Fairshare_##.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
  2. Run your optimizer profileTS-Based Supply Optimizer ## with Fair-Share and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator TS-Based Supply Optimizer ## with Fair-Share.

    3. Under Scenarios, check that the Baseline checkbox has been defaulted.

    4. Under Versions, check that the Base Version checkbox has been defaulted.

    5. Under Planning Unit, check that the ##_PUMP checkbox has been defaulted.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.

Task 3: Run the Optimizer with Revised Cost Model and Validate the Results

Steps

  1. Set the Non-Delivery Demand Cost Attribute for Demand Category 3 at 11140 for customer 2400H## at location 2400 and 11100 for customer 2500H## at location 2500. (Offset by Lead Time x Non-Delivery Cost Discount). Use the data from the table:

    Demand Category IDCustomer IDNon-Delivery Demand Cost Attribute
    32200H##11000
    32400H##11140
    32500H##11100
    1. Choose Master Data Workbook.

    2. In the Create Master Data Workbook window, choose the master data type Customer Product Category.

    3. Filter the Product ID column by T-F3##.

    4. Make the changes to Non-Delivery Demand Cost Attribute based on the table.

      With Non-Delivery Cost Discount = 20,

      Customer 2200H## has 0-days lead time from the source – hence no change – retain value of 11000

      Customer 2400H## has 7-days lead time from upstream node 2200 – hence 11000 + 7 x 20 = 11140

      Customer 2500H## has 5-days lead time from upstream node 2200 – hence 11000 + 5 x 20 = 11100

    5. Choose Save Changes.

    6. Exit the Master Data Excel.

  2. Run your optimizer profile TS-Based Supply Optimizer ## with Fair-Share and validate the results.

    1. On the Microsoft Excel SAP IBP tab, choose Application Jobs, then S&OP Operator, then Run.

    2. Select the planning operator TS-Based Supply Optimizer ## with Fair-Share.

    3. Under Scenarios, select the Baseline checkbox.

    4. Under Versions, select the Base Version checkbox.

    5. Under Planning Unit, select the ##_PUMP checkbox.

    6. Choose Next.

    7. Choose Run.

      The figure shows the Planning View results as mentioned in the step of the exercise.
  3. Explain the results with costs.

    1. Result

      Non delivery cost rates of the demands are identical now due to lead time consideration in the non-delivery cost rates. Now fair share kicks in and splits the non-delivery cost rates into 4 segments with decreasing costs per segment. Therefore, first segment of demand is fulfilled for all locations first and each demand gets a fulfillment of 25. Afterwards, 75 stock is left and this is sufficient to fulfill the second segment of 25 in all 3 locations.