SAP Learning Journey

Understanding Process Steps and Business Roles for Manufacturing with Kanban Supply into Production (1E3)

Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

  • Define process steps for manufacturing with kanban supply into production (1E3)
  • Identify business roles for manufacturing with kanban supply into production (1E3)

Process Steps for Manufacturing with Kanban Supply into Production (1E3)

Applicable Process Steps

Anonymous Forecast and MRP

Process StepDescription
Create Planned Independent RequirementsPlanned Independent Requirements (PIRs) are used to perform demand management functions. A planned independent requirement contains one planned quantity and one date, or a number of planned independent requirements schedule lines, that is, splitting one planned quantity according to dates.

Instead of creating a single requirement, sometimes a requirement plan that includes one or more planned independent requirements can be maintained for mass processing. In this case, the requirements are grouped and maintained under a requirement plan number.

Material Requirements PlanningThe aim of material requirements planning is to tailor available capacities and receipts on time to suit requirements quantities. You can use MRP or consumption-based planning for this purpose.
Adjust Planning in Planning TableThis step describes how to plan the production of materials on the production lines.

Classic Kanban: External Procurement with Requirements Planning

Kanban board is one of the tools that can be used to change the container status, which can provide both demand source (consumer) and supply source (supplier, producer) with a detailed overview of Kanban circulation. In addition, Material Replenishment could be quickly triggered by setting Kanban container status.

You can perform the automatic Kanban calculation. The system calculates on the basis of existing requirements and your specified calculation parameters, either the number of Kanban containers (cards) that are to circulate in a control cycle or the quantity of material to be procured per Kanban container.

With the number of Kanban containers and the quantity of material per container, the material circulation and the stock of material in the control cycle are defined. To ensure the lowest possible stock of material while simultaneously achieving a secure material supply, the setting of these two values must be optimized. Because the requirement situation often fluctuates considerably in many industries, it is necessary to check and adjust these values with the automatic Kanban calculation on a regular basis.

Process StepDescription
Check Dependent Requirement of MaterialIn this step, you check whether dependent requirements for the material exist.
Release Scheduling AgreementThis process step shows you how to release scheduling agreement delivery schedule with forecast schedule.
Set Available Kanban to EMPTYIn this step, you set an available Kanban to EMPTY to trigger the external procurement of the material.

Posting the Goods Receipt for External Procurement

You can post goods receipt for external procurement either by changing the Kanban container to FULL or by posting goods receipt for Just-in-time (JIT) call.

Process StepDescription
Option A: Change the Kanban to FULLIn this step, you change the status of the Kanban you processed in previous step to FULL for the material.
Option B: Goods Receipt for JIT CallThis process step shows you how to post goods receipt for JIT call. It is useful especially when you want to post partial quantities of individual items of a summarized JIT call, or for more containers at once.
Precalculation of Kanbans for Future RequirementsIn this step, you precalculate the Kanbans you need for the next period (month).
Release Proposal of Kanbans Required for Future PeriodIn this step, you check the proposal for future Kanban requirements before you release the proposal.
Unlock New KanbansIf Kanbans are created during Kanban calculation release, their statuses are locked. When they are really needed, they have to be unlocked.
Alert for Delayed Replenishments - Creation of Replenishment Elements / JIT Calls (Optional)In this step, you set more than the maximum allowed number of Kanbans to EMPTY to force the creation of alerting, which causes delayed replenishments.
Alert for Delayed Replenishments - Evaluation of Replenishment Elements / JIT Calls (Optional)In this step, you check the alerts caused by previous step.

Event-driven Kanban: External Processing and PDF Print of Kanban Card

In event-driven Kanban, material provision is not based on a predefined number of Kanbans or a predefined Kanban quantity. Instead, it is based on actual material consumption. The material is not continually provided and replenished at a supply area. It is only replenished when specifically requested. In this case, the material is procured externally with purchase orders.

Process StepDescription
Create Event-Driven KanbanIn this step, you create a Kanban for the material.
Variant 1: Set Kanban to FULLIn this step, you set a Kanban to full for the material.

The Kanban status is changed to FULL, which automatically results in a goods receipt in the storage location.

Variant 2: Goods ReceiptIn this step, you set a Kanban to full for the material.

The goods receipt to a purchase order with Kanban indicator automatically results in a status change of the Kanban to Full. This corresponds to the purchase order.

Print the Kanban CardIn this step, you print the Kanban Card.
Set Available Kanban to EMPTYIn this step, you set an available Kanban to Empty. The status change to empty results in an event-driven Kanban process in the deletion of the Kanban.
Check the Status of the Printing and Review the PDF (Optional)In this step, the printed Kanban card is validated for testing purposes.

If you want to print the Kanban card in reality, SAP Cloud Print Manager has to be installed. For more information, see SAP Note 2099739.

Repetitive Manufacturing BackflushThis step executes multiple activities in a single step, such as finished product goods receipt, backflush of component materials, posting of costs to cost collector, and creation of material and journal entries.

Errors can occur in backflushing. For example, there may not be sufficient warehouse stock available or important data, such as the issue storage location may be missing. You then have the following options:

  • Make corrections immediately in a component overview.
  • Backlogs are created for the complete requirement quantities of the components with errors. You can process these backlogs later. If negative stocks are allowed for the material in the storage location, the system posts negative stock quantities in certain circumstances.
Post Processing List of Error RecordsTo post-process backlogs from backflushing, you can use this function to create a list of components that have to be post-processed.
Review Manufacturing Object PagesThis process step shows you how to review different object pages available for different roles in the Manufacturing area.

Business Roles for Manufacturing with Kanban Supply into Production (1E3)

Click on the available pictogram to display according information and the relevant piece of the hierarchy.

Access to business applications is controlled by role-based authorization management. You assign Business Roles to Business Users, and the roles provide access to business tasks. Business Users are defined as employees, contractors, or other individuals that need access to the SAP S/4HANA Cloud, public edition system.

How to find Business Roles for a scope item

  1. Navigate to https://rapid.sap.com/bp/#/BP_CLD_ENTPR.
  2. Select your country localization from the Version drop-down list.
  3. In the Solution Scope section, expand the relevant scope item group.
  4. Select a scope item.
  5. Download the test script.
  6. Navigate to the Roles section of the test script.

A Business Role is assigned to a Business User to grant permission to access applications in SAP S/4HANA Cloud, public edition.

One or more Business Catalogs have been assigned to a Business Role. Business Catalogs include access to one or more applications, dashboards, or displays of data.

Administrators can control visibility to the data granted through the catalog by applying General Restrictions to Business Catalogs. By maintaining access restrictions, you can define the subset of all existing business objects a user can view (read) or edit (write) when working with a particular business role.

The Business Catalog defines which access categories are available (Value Help, Read, Write), and for which fields restriction values can be maintained. The fields vary per catalog, as they are based on the fields within the apps in the catalog. The Business Role aggregates restrictions for all Business Catalogs.

Administrators define a restriction based on a supported field (for example, company code, country, controlling area, and so on). Supported restriction fields vary per Business Catalog, as they are based on the fields within the apps in the catalog. You can restrict data access for the Value Help, Read, and Write separately. Read access always includes Value Help access, and Write access always includes Read access.

How to identify the Business Catalog(s) mapped to a Business Role and the Fiori application(s) mapped to a Business Catalog:

  1. Log into the SAP S/4HANA Cloud, public edition system.
  2. Select the Manage Business Roles application from the Launchpad.
  3. Select a Business Role.
  4. Select the Assigned Business Catalogs tab to view the standard Business Catalogs assigned to the standard Business Role.
  5. Select a Business Catalog.
  6. Select the Catalog Description tab to view the Functional Description, Authorization Criteria, and Associated Catalogs information.
  7. Select the Applications tab to view the Fiori apps mapped to the Business Catalog.
Note
Please do not edit SAP Standard Business Roles directly. To customize Business Roles, always make a copy of the SAP Standard Business Role or use the option Create From Template in the Maintain Business Roles application.

To apply General Restrictions, an Administrator should first make a copy of the SAP Standard Business Role, or create a new role based on the SAP Standard Business Role Template. For example, if you need to restrict access in the Accounts Payable Accountant Business Role for some users to only Company Code 1710 (United States), and for some users to only Company Code 1010 (Germany), you will create two new Business Roles based on the SAP Standard Accounts Payable Accountant role. You should name the roles accordingly (for example, Accounts Payable Accountant_1710). In the first business role, you will edit the role and maintain the restriction value(s) for the entire Business Role (that is, define the Company Code field = 1710). Then, you may edit the individual business catalogs within the role and define the access category (that is, Value Help, Read, Write) as Restricted. When you create a new Business Role, the Read access is set to Unrestricted and Write access is set to No Access by default. When an access category is Restricted, you must select a specific field value (for example, Company Code = 1710) or grant unrestricted access. If you leave fields empty within a business catalog, a user will be assigned No Access to the field in the business catalog's granted apps.

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