Classification is a cross-application function in the SAP System that is used by other applications as well as Plant Maintenance.
One aim of classification is to assign features in detail to a technical object that cannot be assigned to the master record by using the fields of the SAP Standard system.
Classification also provides a different search option whereby objects can be sought and found according to characteristics and their features. Example: Power requirement = 2,000 Watts AND lifting height = 10 meters AND...
In order processing, classification enables you to search for a spare part (for example, a pump with the same features). The system uses the classification data as the basis for the search. In the results list, you can select a component and copy it into the order.
Classification System
A classification system has the task of describing objects using characteristics, and grouping similar objects into classes, to classify them and make them easier to find.
The structure of a classification system consists of the following three steps:
- Defining the features
Describe the features of an object using characteristics. Create the characteristics centrally in the SAP system.
- Creating the classes
The SAP System creates classes. When classes are created (or later, in a separate step), the characteristics are assigned to the classes.
- Assigning the objects (classification)
When you have created the classes required for classification, you can assign objects to these classes. The objects are described using the characteristics contained in the class.
Characteristic Inheritance
Characteristic inheritance is the transfer of a characteristic and all of its values into all of the subordinate classes of a class hierarchy. The characteristic is not contained in the subordinate classes. Characteristic inheritance enables you to define a central characteristic, which is required in all of the subordinate classes, once for a superior class and not have to assign it explicitly to each class.
If you create a class hierarchy, the characteristics for all of the superior classes are inherited by the lower classes. Therefore, characteristics that you have not assigned explicitly to the class, but which originate from superior classes, are also displayed on the valuation screen.
A technical object (functional location, equipment) can be assigned to one or more classes using its master record.
If you assign the technical object to more than one class, you can define a standard class.
If the technical object has been assigned to a class, all of the characteristics for this class are available at the object (the characteristics can be valued for each object).
A characteristic can be valued manually or automatically. Depending on how the characteristic is controlled, values can either be selected from a list specified in the characteristic or entered freely. In the case of automatic valuation, a characteristic refers to a table field or another characteristic.