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Understanding SAP Reference Solution Architecture

<div id="content"><p tabindex="0">The SAP Reference Solution Architecture (RSA) explores how SAP addresses a customer’s business challenge with its unique product portfolio and shows how certain SAP products interact to realize a business process. It presents an implementable solution architecture, which is composed of different elements and has been created based on guidance from the SAP Product Engineering unit.</p><div class="kalturaVideoLessonWrapper"><div aria-label="" class="kalturaVideoLessonContainer" data-testid="video" id="1_4nzpl8if"></div></div><div class="parentsection"><div class="section"><div tabindex="0"><h3>Key Points to Remember</h3></div><div tabindex="0"><h3>High-Level Concepts</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Business Coverage: High-level understanding of the business scope and solution scope with recommended SAP product mappings.</li><li tabindex="0">Detailed Solution Architecture: Complements the business architecture by covering selected business scopes, detailing processes, integrations, and content validated by integration tests from SAP experts.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Solution Value Flow</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Abstract Representation: Focuses on value-adding business activities and their technical implementations.</li><li tabindex="0">Hierarchical Structure: Follows the structure set by the business value flows defined in the SAP Reference Business Architecture, using business process modules, segments, and activities.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Diagrams and Naming Conventions</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Solution Value Flow Diagrams: These diagrams show the flow of solution processes and may include associated solution components and capabilities.</li><li tabindex="0">Naming Adaptations: Solution process names can differ from business process names to reflect scope restrictions or industry-specific language. The names in solution activities indicate a subset scope of the corresponding business activities.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Solution Process Flows</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Detailed Flow Representation: Offers a detailed view of the value flow into specific process flows implemented by SAP components.</li><li tabindex="0">Behavioral Diagrams: Describe concrete process flows and specify integration among solution components using BPMN 2.0 standards and SAP architecture methodology extensions.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Integration and Data Flow</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Business Accelerator Hub: Tools like API definitions, testing data, the Solution Component Diagram, and the Solution Data Flow Diagram are available for deeper integration insights.</li><li tabindex="0">Data Integration: The Solution Data Flow Diagram illustrates data transitions between solution components, focusing on master and transactional data flows.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Key Artifacts</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Three Primary Artifacts: The Solution Value Flow Diagram, the Solution Process Flow Diagram, and the Solution Component Diagram emphasize the implementation and communication pathways among solution components.</li></ul><div tabindex="0"><h3>Implementation and Validation</h3></div><div class="formalblock"></div><ul style="list-style-type:disc"><li tabindex="0">Detailed Guidance and Validation: The architecture provides a roadmap for effectively implementing SAP software components and validates an implementable SAP reference architecture by demonstrating component interaction support for business processes.</li><li tabindex="0">API and Process Breakdown: Illustrates how process implementations can be segmented into APIs, enhancing integration understanding and linkage.</li></ul></div></div></div>

SAP Reference Solution Architecture

Discovering SAP Enterprise Architecture

<div><div><div><div>Explore the comprehensive breakdown of SAP Reference Architecture, from Business to Solution Architecture, detailing value flows, process diagrams, and data flow models. Gain insights into SAP software implementation guidance and architecture interactions.<br><br># This description was auto-generated #</div></div></div></div>

Navigating the SAP Reference Solution Architecture

SAP_Reference_Solution_Architecture_2N.mp4

In the previous content, we talked about the SAP Reference Architecture content, and we focused in on the Reference Business Architecture and the Reference Solution Architecture, but at a high level. When we talk about the depth and breadth, there's two main aspects here. One covering the entire business scope only at a high level in terms of solution scope and providing a recommended mapping to SAP products versus a detailed now solution architecture that's complementary to the business architecture, which could cover selected business and solution scope and provide detailed processes and integration information and also content that's been validated via integration tests from some of the product and solution experts inside of SAP. So looking at the linkage now between the reference business and detailed solution architecture and the example here of coming from DeliverProduct to fulfill the generic business process variant. So what we're looking at is the solution value flow. The solution value flow is an abstract representation of solution process focused on value adding business activities and their technical implementation. The diagrams showing solution value flows are named solution value flow diagrams. like realizing solution components, associated solution capabilities might also be displayed. In the SAP reference solution architecture, solution value flows follow the hierarchical structure of the related business value flows, which are defined as part of the SAP reference business architecture. They follow the structure of the business process modules, the business process segments, and the business activities as defined in the SAP reference business architecture and as shown in examples that we use in the prior slides. In the example, the business process module deliver product to fulfill finished goods and the included business process segment manage transportation outbound follow the hierarchical structure of deliver product to fulfill generic and manage transportation generic respectively, which are defined as part of the related business process depicted as business process flows or business value flows. The names of the solution processes, process modules, process segments and business activities contained in the solution value flow diagram are inherited and derived from the business processes as represented again in the SAP reference business architecture. There are however some exceptions. Names of business activities, so the lowest level that you sort of see within the different diagrams depicted here. In cases where solution processes realize or implement a significantly restricted scope of the business process the name of the solution process shall differ to express these restrictions. Names can be different due to solution-specific tailoring. A solution activity may realize a subset of business activity scope, and so the activity name shall express this. Names can be different due to industry-specific or business process variant-specific language too. So, business activity name shall be more specific in the case it realizes based on industry specifics. Also, the number or the number of business activities or objects represented in the module itself. So, the number of entities in terms of modules or segments or activities in a solution value flow may differ due to the scope of the solution. The SAP reference business architecture covers the full portfolio. SAP detailed reference solution architecture only implemented and validated scope, which may be significantly smaller to what is defined by the relatively larger business process or business process value flow. Solutions depicted in the SAP detailed reference solution architecture might not cover the full scope of a generic business process. So when references to solution capabilities are maintained, then all the solution components which are mandatory for the solution capabilities have to be included. Beyond this, only optional solution components can be included. Value-adding business activities in solution value flows have in comparison to the business activities in business architecture, other associations to solution-specific entities such as a detailed process flow. Detailed process flows offer a drill down of the value flow to a more detailed process flow. A solution process flow describes the process as it's implemented by the respective SAP components. The solution process flow diagram is a behavioral diagram that is used to describe a concrete process flow of a solution process. The goal is to provide a common understanding on which solution activities are provided by the solution components to realize a particular solution process and the ordering of solution activities. Moreover, solution process flow diagrams specify how different solution components collaborate in the context of specific solution process flows by depicting the integration between them. Solution process flow diagrams are basically BPNN 2.0 collaboration or process diagrams with various SAP enterprise architecture methodology extensions to describe, for example, the integration architectural aspects. Pools and collaboration diagrams represent solution components designated as deployment units. Lanes can represent sub-solution components or application roles. And the message flows describe the collaboration integration aspects between these deployment units. are connected to related implementation artifacts, for example, an API published in the SAP Business Accelerator Hub. You can see the definition of the used API published in the SAP Business Accelerator Hub. In the Business Accelerator Hub, you can even test these APIs with testing data provided through the Sandbox API. The SAP Detailed Reference Solution architecture also consists of the Solution Component Diagram, which can be found on the Business Accelerator Hub. The Solution Component Diagram represents all solution components required for the related solution process, their possible deployment, and the integration among them. Another artifact that can also be located in the Business Accelerator Hub is the Solution Data Flow Diagram for Master and Transactional data flows. The Solution Data Flow Diagram, or Data Flow Diagram for short, represents the typical flow of data between solution components in the context of a specific solution process. A data flow diagram depicts solution components and their implemented integration relevant solution data objects. The data flow shows the flow of data between systems of records and subsequent solution components. Let's explore the summary for the reference solution architecture. We talked about the solution capability model with the business capabilities implemented by solution components and went in and showed a solution capability and product map. We discussed the solution process model, discussing business value flows implemented by solution components, showed detailed solution process flows implemented by solution components, and also discussed solution components and their communication channels. And there there were three primary artifacts, the solution value flow diagram, the solution process flow diagram, and the solution component diagram. And last but not least, the solution data model, which is the recommended data flow between solution components, and there we show the solution data flow diagram itself. All this offers a recommended implementation guidance using SAP software components. It also allows us to obtain and validate an implementable SAP reference architecture showing how the components interact to support the business process. We can leverage the content to define a target architecture based on specific needs. And it allows us to explore how process implementations can be broken down to APIs with all the integration content being linked. Thank you for taking the time to explore this learning module and we appreciate the time that you spent.