Configuring Account Determination

Objective

After completing this lesson, you will be able to configure FI-CA account determination

Account Determination

A Posting Area is a Key representing a business subfunction that supports automatic determination of certain data required to create documents. This data can include account numbers, transactions and other specifications or defaults used in posting and clearing transactions. In FI-CA, customizing tables are not defined for every posting area. Depending on the posting areas, tables are identified by their key and function fields. Posting areas can be called up using transaction FQC0.

You can use transaction FQC0 to maintain posting areas.

You can use transaction FQCR to select account determination data across all posting areas.

The posting area normally consists of different keys. The system first attempts to determine an entry with the key fields that are used. If this does not work, the last key field is excluded at the next attempt. At the last attempt, only the first key field value is used.

Diagram illustrating the relationship between document header and account determination posting areas for receivables and revenue accounts.

General ledger accounts are determined by standard account determination functionality. This function takes a subset of posting parameters and checks allocation tables in FI-CA: posting area S000 and S001.

General ledger account determination is done using main transactions and subtransactions from the line items of postings and additional parameters like company code, division, and account determination ID.

Depending on the industry component used, the account determination ID is derived from either the contract account or from the contract.

You can use posting area S000 and event 1101 to determine the FI-GL receivables account (business partner items).

You can use posting area S001 and event 1100 to determine the FI-GL revenue account (general ledger items).

Diagram depicting Account Determination Posting Area.

Each individual posting in the FI-CA subledger is allocated to exactly one receivable or payable account in the general ledger. A negative transfer amount is a credit (payable), and a positive amount is a debit (receivable, usual case).

The FI-GL account in the business partner item of a FI-CA document (receivable) must be designated with the account type X Balance Sheet Account in transaction FS00.

The FI-GL account in the business partner item of a FI-CA document (receivable) must be designated with the reconciliation account category V Contract Account Receivable as well. This prevents unintentional direct postings to these accounts and thus avoids potential complication of the reconciliation process.

The FI-GL account in the general ledger item of a FI-CA document (revenue) must be designated with the account type P Primary Costs or Revenue in transaction FS00.

Diagram showing the process of account determination Receivables Account (Business Partner Item), including inputs from business transactions and contract accounts resulting in a reconciliation account.

The receivables account determination requires only the main transaction, which is derived automatically by the system during business transaction processing based on the internal transaction and its allocation to a defined external transaction.

The account determination ID from the contract account enables the derivation of different receivables (and revenues) accounts for different customer groups (private or industry).

The account assignment for main transactions is stored in the posting areas:

  • S000 for application area Extended FI-CA
  • T000 for application area Telecommunication
  • P000 for application area Public Sector
  • R000 for application area Utilities
  • M000 for application area Media
Flowchart showing Account Determination for Revenue Account (General Ledger Item), the assignment for main and sub transactions.

The revenue account determination also requires the subtransaction. This enables you to allocate different revenue accounts to the same business transaction (main transaction). Furthermore, the tax determination code and the CO account assignment key can be allocated as well.

The account assignment for main and subtransactions is stored in the posting areas:

  • S001 for application area Extended FI-CA
  • T001 for application area Telecommunication
  • P001 for application area Public Sector
  • R001 for application area Utilities
  • M001 for application area Media

The account assignment for CO objects can be configured by the following steps:

  • In FI-GL account master data, set the Profit Center field as optional.

  • In FI-CA customizing, activate the profit center for BP items in the company code settings.

  • In FI-CA customizing, define the account assignment keys for which you derive CO objects dependent on company code, business area, or segment. Check whether you now need to make the settings for each profit center. This is necessary, for example, if you derive a cost center and a profit center is defined in the cost center. In this case, the profit center in the derived cost center should be the same as the profit center previously copied from a BP item.

Configure Account Determination

ExerciseStart Exercise

Business Example

The subledger FI-CA requires main and sub transactions to post documents.

The subledger transactions determine account assignments for the general ledger.

Note

In this exercise, the value ## should be replaced with your group number.

Task 1: Understand Transactions

Steps

  1. What does a transaction consist of and what does it represent in FI-CA?

    Result

    • A transaction consists of a main transaction and a sub transaction.
    • A transaction represents the business transaction that's processed in FI-CA.

  2. What controlling tasks form the basis of FI-CA transactions?

    Result

    • Transactions control the determination of FI receivables and payables accounts.
    • Transactions control the determination of FI revenue and expense accounts.
    • Transactions control the determination of FI tax determination codes.
    • Transactions control the determination of CO account assignments.

Task 2: Configure External Main and Sub Transactions

Steps

  1. Go to the SAP S/4HANA system.

  2. Configure the main and sub transactions for posting receivables using the following data:

    Main Transaction

    FieldValue
    Application AreaS Extended FI-CA
    Main TransactionSB##
    DescriptionOther Postings ##

    Sub Transaction

    FieldValue
    Application AreaS Extended FI-CA
    Main TransactionSB##
    Sub TransactionFO##
    DescriptionReceivables ##

    Line Item Parameters

    FieldValue
    Application AreaS Extended FI-CA
    Company Code1010
    Divisionleave blank
    Main TransactionSB##
    Sub TransactionFO##
    Debit/CreditS Debit
    Manual Postingselect
    DescriptionOther Receivables ##

    1. Call transaction FICAIMG to access the FI-CA implementation guide.

    2. Choose Basic Functions → Postings and Documents → Document → Maintain Document Assignments → Maintain Transactions for Non-Ind. Contract Accounts Receivable and Payable → Define and Parameterize External Transactions.

    3. In the External Main Transaction overview, choose New Entries.

    4. Enter the values from the Main Transaction table.

    5. Choose Save.

    6. Select your new entry, and double-click the External Sub Transaction subfolder.

    7. In the External Sub Transaction overview, choose New Entries.

    8. Enter the values from the Sub Transaction table.

    9. Choose Save.

    10. Select your new entry, and double-click the Line Item Parameters sub folder.

    11. In the Line Item Parameters overview, choose New Entries.

    12. Enter the values from the Line Item Parameters table.

    13. Choose Save.

    14. Choose Back six times.

  3. Why does your external transaction not have to be assigned to an internal transaction?

    Result

    • This transaction is to be used for other manual postings.
    • This transaction therefore does not correspond to an SAP internal transaction.

Task 3: Configure the Account and Tax Determination for the New Transactions

Steps

  1. Go to the SAP S/4HANA system.

  2. Configure the receivable account determination using the following data:

    Account Assignment

    FieldValue
    Company Code1010
    Divisionleave blank
    Account Determination IDY1 Domestic Customers
    Main TransactionSB## Other Postings ##

    Receivable Account

    FieldValue
    G/L Account12100006 Receivables

    1. Call transaction FICAIMG to access the FI-CA implementation guide.

    2. Choose Basic Functions → Postings and Documents → Document → Define Account Assignments for Automatic Postings → Automatic Account Determination → Define Account Assignment Data Relevant to Main Transaction for FI-CA.

    3. In the Chart of Account dialog box, enter YCOA Standard.

    4. Choose Continue.

    5. In the Account Assignment Main Transaction overview, choose Create.

    6. In the Create dialog box, enter the values from the Account Assignment table.

    7. Choose Continue.

    8. In the G/L Account field, enter the values from the Receivable Account table.

    9. Choose Save.

    10. Choose Back twice.

  3. Configure the revenue account and tax determination using the following data:

    Account Assignment

    FieldValue
    Company Code1010
    Divisionleave blank
    Account Determination IDY1 Domestic Customers
    Main TransactionSB## Other Postings ##
    Sub TransactionFO## Receivables ##

    Revenue Account

    FieldValue
    G/L Account41000000 Revenue Domestic
    Tax DeterminationY2 Output Tax 19% Domestic
    CO Accounting AssignmentO2C Order to Cash

    1. Call transaction FICAIMG to access the FI-CA implementation guide.

    2. Choose Basic Functions → Postings and Documents → Document → Define Account Assignments for Automatic Postings → Automatic Account Determination → Define Transaction-Relevant Account Assignment Data for FI-CA.

    3. In the Account Assignment Transaction overview, choose Create.

    4. In the Create dialog box, enter the values from the Account Assignment table.

    5. Choose Continue.

    6. In the Function area, enter the values from the Revenue Account table.

    7. Choose Save, and select Enter to confirm the warning message.

    8. Choose Back, and select Enter to confirm the warning message twice.

Task 4: Test Your Settings by Posting a Receivable Using the New Transactions

Steps

  1. Start the SAP Fiori Post Document app (transaction FPE1).

    1. Choose the Document tile group.

    2. Choose the Post Document tile.

  2. Post a receivable of EUR 300 to business partner ac240-##a using the following data:

    Initial Data

    FieldValue
    Document Datecurrent date
    Posting Datecurrent date
    Reconciliation Keyproposed by the system
    Document TypeYM General
    Clearing Reason12 Debit Entry Creation

    BP Item Data

    FieldValue
    Contract Accountac240-##a
    Main TransactionSB## Other Postings ##
    Sub TransactionFO## Receivables ##
    Amount300

    1. On the initial screen, a new reconciliation key is proposed.

    2. On the initial screen, enter the values from the Initial Data table.

    3. Choose BP Item.

    4. In the Checking dialog box, choose Yes.

    5. In the Information dialog box, choose Continue.

    6. In the Business Partner Items table, enter the values from the BP Item Data table.

    7. Choose Post.

    8. Note the document number.

    9. Choose Back.

  3. Start the SAP Fiori Display Account Balance app (transaction FPL9).

    1. Choose the Information tile group.

    2. Choose the Display Account Balance tile.

  4. Display the account of business partner ac240-##a using the following data:

    Initial Data

    FieldValue
    Business Partnerac240-##a
    List TypeALLES All Items
    Line Layout013 Line Item Display

    1. On the initial screen, enter the values from the Initial Data table.

    2. Choose Continue to check the basic list.

      The new item SB##/FO## Other Receivables ## is displayed.

    3. Choose Back twice.

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