In some countries, it's a legal requirement that receivables and payables are grouped in the balance sheet according to their remaining life (Reclassification by Due Date).
As it's possible for some customers to have a credit balance, these balances need to be changed to vendor-like accounts prior to creating the financial statements (Reclassification).
In the figure above, you can see that the receivables with long remaining terms have to be posted to different adjustment accounts to facilitate the creation of the financial statements.
Both reclassifications are removed at the same time for the first day of the next period, as regrouping is not necessary for daily processing.
Additionally, customers with a credit balance are reclassified. An adjustment account is used as an offsetting account in FI-GL because the adjustments cannot be posted directly to an FI-CA reconciliation account.
Reclassifications that are to be posted must first be exported to databases. You create these exports by using either transaction FPO1 or FPO1P.
Reclassifications for customers with credit balances and vendors with debit balances will be exported to database table DFKK_RECLASS. You can use transaction FPRECL to create the automatic adjustment postings for this business scenario.
Reclassifications for grouping of open items in the balance sheet according to their remaining life will be exported to database DFKK_DUEGRID. You can use transaction FPRECL_DUEGRID to create the relevant adjustment postings.
You can use transaction FPIPKEY to consider installment plans when determining the due date. If you run this transaction at first, the due date of an assigned installment overrides the original due date of the open item.
You can configure the settings for reclassification in FI-CA customizing via Closing Operations → Reclassification.
You can use posting area 1355 to maintain the adjustment accounts and target accounts for the reclassification of open items and installment plan items based on their due dates (Define Adjustment Accounts for Reclassification by Due Date)
You can use posting area 1350 to maintain the adjustment accounts necessary to transfer receivables and payables for customers with credit balances and vendors with debit balances (Define Adjustment Accounts).
If you want to reclassify groups of receivables or payables accounts (Define Summarization Accounts), you can specify summarization accounts. In this case, the system calculates the balance from all receivables or payables accounts that display the same summarization account.
If you want to reclassify based on due dates, then enter how you want to group the open items or installment plan items in transaction FPO1 or FPO1P. You make these specifications in the grid interval. Enter the intervals beginning with the smallest value and then enter sequential increases. For reclassification by due date, the system considers only those items that are open on the key date, but are not yet due.
When considering items that are open and not yet due on the key date, you have to enter the grid intervals in the form of negative values. These represent the lower limit of the time interval being considered. The generic example above (not based on a legal reporting standard) illustrates how it works.
Interval P6 groups together all items that could not be assigned to another interval. You do not have to enter this interval explicitly. The system also does not consider this interval when it determines the dates for reclassification by due date.
The export only considers intervals with a negative value. This is to prevent overlapping with items that are already due. If you want the system to consider all items that are due after the key date, you have to enter a value of -1 for the last interval.
You can use transaction FPRECL_DUEGRID for creating and entering the related adjustment postings for open items in FI-CA as part of FI-GL closing operations. Based on a data export (transaction FPO1), the report generates a posting proposal that you can then post.
If there are several exports for a key date, the report posts the difference between the amounts that have already been posted and the current export. If the affected items have been exported with a specific local currency, then the report only posts the amounts in this local currency. It does not enter values in other amount fields. For exports with no currency type, values are entered in all amount fields.
If an export contains several company codes to which different local currencies are assigned (as compared to the requested currency type), the report cannot post reclassifications of this export in one document. In this case, you have to split the export first and then post the individual partial exports.
If the affected items were exported with document currencies, an export can possibly contain multiple document currencies; you cannot post any adjustment documents. In this case, you also have to split the export first. Then, during posting, you have to enter the document currency that is contained in the export. The system proposes this currency in the posting specifications. If document currencies were exported along with a currency category, the system posts both the local currency and the transaction currency in the adjustment document.
You can use transaction FPRECL to create automatic adjustment postings for customers with credit balances and vendors with debit balances in FI-CA as part of FI-GL closing operations. The procedure, in reference to multiple exports for a key date, several company codes in an export and currencies, is similar to transaction FPRECL_DUEGRID.