You can use transaction FP08 to reverse a document.
You can use transaction FP08MP to reverse documents (mass run).
If the FI-CA document results from an invoice created in SAP Convergent Invoicing, it has to be reversed with the SAP Convergent Invoicing reversal transaction.
If the FI-CA document results from an invoice created in SAP Sales and Distribution, it has to be reversed with the SAP Sales and Distribution reversal transaction.
If the FI-CA document resulting from an SAP Convergent Invoicing or SAP Sales and Distribution invoice is already cleared (payment), it depends on the SAP Convergent Invoicing or SAP Sales and Distribution customizing whether the reversal is allowed. In this case, the clearing reset is automatically executed by the system.
The header data of the reversal document refers to the reversed document number.
The business partner items of the reversed document refer to the reversal document number.
The reversal document has an item for every general ledger item of the reversed document with the opposite +/- sign.
A negative posting reduces the transaction figures for the account posted to in the general ledger. A debit posting as a negative posting, therefore, does not lead to an increase of the debit transaction figures; it leads to a reduction of the credit transaction figures. This enables you to show transaction figures for accounts after an incorrect posting, and subsequent correction as if neither the incorrect posting nor the correction had taken place. The document type decides whether a posting is to be posted negatively: negative postings are always created or negative postings are only created for corrections in the same fiscal year
Reversal
For a reversal, the document type used decides the following:
- Whether a negative posting is never permitted
- Whether a negative posting is always permitted
- Whether a negative posting is created if the posting and reversal are in the same fiscal year
If the account for some items in the reversal document is not the same as the account in the original document, these items are not posted negatively. This can be the case for aperiodic reversals (swap of P&L accounts) or for posting incoming payments where the reversal is used to post back to the clarification account.
Clearing Reset
After resetting clearing, all accounts should appear as if the clearing had not taken place. This means that the inverse posting of cash discount, small differences, exchange rate differences, and taxes that were posted due to the clearing are to be posted negatively. The display in the receivables accounts is retained.
For example, you reset clearing for a payment received. After the clearing reset, the payment with clearing of open items becomes a type of payment on account again, which means that the credit from the payment is an open item in the receivables account. From the view of the account balance in the receivables account, it's irrelevant whether there was a payment on account or whether items were cleared.
Returns
Returns should be treated like reversals. The first item in a returns clearing account is, however, never posted negatively. The same applies to returns charges.
Individual Identification of Individual Posting Items: If you want to post a document for which manual negative postings are required for all items, all you have to do is select an appropriate document type. However, if you only want to post individual items negatively, you have to enter the entire transaction in two documents.
Payments on Account
If, on receipt of payment, you first post on account instead of clearing immediately and then carry out clearing later (for example, via account maintenance or during processing of a subsequent payment), the debit and credit side of the receivables account increases by the amount of the payment on account. If you want to avoid this effect, make sure that every clearing of a posting on account is posted negatively. To do this, you have to indicate, in customizing for the main and sub-transaction used for payments on account, that each clearing of this item is to be posted negatively.
You can activate negative postings in the company code settings in FI customizing via Financial Accounting Global Settings → Global Parameters for Company Code → Enter Global Parameters.
You can activate negative postings for the document type in FI-CA customizing via Basic Functions → Postings and Documents → Document → Maintain Document Account Assignments → Document Types → Maintain Document Types and Assign Number Ranges.
You can configure the main and sub transactions for a negative posting in FI-CA customizing via Basic Functions → Postings and Documents → Document → Maintain Document Account Assignments → Maintain Subtransactions.
SAP Easy Access Menu: Transaction FS10N
G/L account 140520, Company Code C100, Fiscal year 2009.
You can use transaction FP07 to execute a clearing reset.
When you reset the clearing, you reopen the cleared item. In addition, a credit item is created automatically. The credit transaction, such as a payment on account, is defined in customizing.
If the clearing made by the payment is reset, a debit transaction must be defined in customizing to represent a receivable from the business partner who already received the payment.
Instead of resetting the complete clearing, you can also reset parts of clearing. Clearing reset can be set for every combination of the following data that occurs during clearing:
Business Partner
Contract Account
Contract
Company Code
Business Area
Division
Collective Bill Number