The inventory planning process consists of the following steps:
- Validating data inputs
- Running and reviewing the inventory plan
- Analyzing what-if scenarios
- Approving and updating the inventory plan

The inventory optimization process relies on one set of inputs and outputs, that is, one common planning area for all SAP Integrated Business Planning processes, including:
- SAP IBP foundation - sales and operations planning process
- SAP IBP, advanced demand process
- SAP IBP, advanced inventory optimization process
- and SAP IBP, supply process.

For the inventory optimization process, known variability can be modeled as key figures or master data, as shown in the figure, Modeling Variability.