Setting Up Account Determination for Specific Transactions
Objective
Account Determination Wizard
Business Processes and Account Determination
SAP S/4HANA predefines the posting transactions for each accounting-relevant transaction in Materials Management (MM). The transaction key (for example, BSX, WRX, PRD, and GBB) symbolizes the business transaction event. To enable different companies to use different charts of accounts, the system assigns generalized posting records to each transaction. This assignment is done using a value string.
Instead of specific G/L account numbers, the value string contains the transaction event keys for the relevant posting transaction.
The assignment of the value strings for accounting-relevant transactions in inventory management and invoice verification and the keys within a value string cannot be changed.
Account Determination Process in Materials Management
Determination of the Value String for Goods Movements
Realization – Example
Value Strings Example – WE01
Transaction/Event Keys and Their Uses
| Transaction/Event Key Name | Transaction/Event Key Description | Use |
|---|---|---|
| BSX | Stock Posting | For a valuated GR against a PO item without an account assignment, the system always makes a posting to a stock account. |
| WRX | GR/IR Clearing Account | The offsetting entry to the valuated GR is made to the GR/IR clearing account. |
| PRD | Price difference posting | The system makes this posting if a material is valuated at a standard price and the PO price (or invoice price) varies from the standard price. |
| KDM | Exchange rate differences | This transaction/event key is needed in MM for a PO in foreign currencies in which different exchange rates are applied at the times of goods receipt and invoice receipt. This key is used if the system cannot debit or credit the material account due to standard price control or lack of stock. |
| EIN | Purchase Account | This transaction/event key is applicable in company codes in which purchase account management is active (for example, as is legally required in France or Belgium). |
| EKG | Purchase Offsetting Account | This transaction/event key is applicable in company codes in which purchase account management is active (for example, as is legally required in France or Belgium). |
| BSV | Changes in stock account | The system uses this transaction/event key only with the item category subcontracting. |
| FRL | External Services | The system uses this transaction/event key only with the item category subcontracting. |
| FRN | Incidental costs for External Services | The system uses this transaction/event key only with the item category subcontracting. |
Value Strings Example – WA14
As displayed in the figure, transaction/event key BSX appears twice in value string WA14. The explanation for this is in the last case in the list that follows.
The system provides value string WA14 for the goods movement free-of-charge delivery (movement type 511) for materials with value-based inventory management.
Cases for Value Strings Example – WA14
The following are possible cases for value string WA14:
Free delivery of a material with price control V.
The system does not generate an accounting document because it valuates the receipt at zero. The system generates a material document, which leads to an increase in stock.
Free delivery of a material with price control S (and if the posting date lies in the previous period, standard price in the posting period = standard price in the current period).
The system generates an accounting document containing a stock posting for the receipt at standard price (transaction BSX) and a posting to a revenue account for price differences (transaction PRD).
Free delivery of a material with price control S and a posting date in the previous period, where the standard price differs from the standard price in the current period.
The system generates accounting documents for the previous and current periods (adjustment posting). Key BSX occurs twice because these accounting documents have the same stock posting (transaction/event key BSX).
The accounting document for the previous period contains the receipt to the stock account at the standard price of the previous period (transaction BSX) and the price difference posting (transaction PRD) with the same amount.
The accounting document of the current period is based on the variance between the standard prices of the previous and current periods. The system carries out a price change for the quantity posted retrospectively to the previous period. This accounting document (posting date = first day of the current period) contains the stock adjustment posting (second transaction BSX) and a posting to a Gain/Loss from revaluation account (transaction UMB).
Assignment of G/L Account Numbers
Assignment of Stock Accounts (Transaction BSX)
Simulation of Account Assignment
The simulation function enables you to check the settings for automatic account determination. This function outputs all the factors that influence account determination and additional information.
Hint
The simulation, which you can call in the activity Configure Automatic Postings, shows the G/L accounts that are assigned to the transactions.
The simulation considers materials, valuation classes, plants and transactions in inventory management or invoice verification.
You can choose between the following options:
- Input of material number or valuation class (input mode)
- Transaction in inventory management or invoice verification (application area)
When you call the simulation function, the system can check whether the accounts you have assigned exist in the chart of accounts.
During the simulation, all transaction/event keys for the relevant value string are taken into account, regardless of their significance to your company code (for example, EIN, EKG, and FRE).
Within the simulation for inventory management transactions, you can compare the settings for field selection for the movement type you select and the assigned accounts. You achieve this by clicking on the Check Screen Layout button.